How to Select Polyurethane Wheels for Electrical Forklifts

Polyurethane wheels are widely used in electrical forklifts because of their excellent durability, load-bearing capacity, and resistance to wear and tear. However, selecting the right wheels is crucia

Polyurethane wheels are widely used in electrical forklifts because of their excellent durability, load-bearing capacity, and resistance to wear and tear. However, selecting the right wheels is crucial to ensure safety, efficiency, and long service life. Below are the key factors to consider:

1. Load Capacity

The first step is to calculate the maximum load the forklift will carry, including the vehicle’s weight and the goods being transported. Each wheel must be capable of withstanding its share of the total load without deformation or premature failure.

2. Floor Conditions

The working surface plays a major role in wheel selection.

Smooth, indoor floors → Harder polyurethane wheels provide lower rolling resistance and longer life.

Uneven or rough floors → Softer polyurethane wheels help absorb shocks, reduce vibrations, and protect both goods and equipment.

3. Hardness (Shore A)

Polyurethane wheels come in different hardness levels, usually measured on the Shore A scale.

85A–90A: Offers better comfort and grip, suitable for uneven or slippery surfaces.

92A–95A: More wear-resistant with lower rolling resistance, ideal for smooth concrete or indoor warehouses.

4. Speed and Operating Intensity

Electrical forklifts with higher travel speeds or continuous operation generate more heat in the wheels. In such cases, heat-resistant polyurethane compounds should be chosen to avoid cracking, softening, or delamination.

5. Chemical and Environmental Resistance

If the forklift operates in areas with oil, grease, moisture, or chemicals, ensure the polyurethane wheels are specially formulated for chemical resistance to avoid swelling or degradation.

6. Wheel Design and Core Material

Aluminum or steel cores provide high strength and are suitable for heavy-duty forklifts.

Plastic or composite cores are lighter and reduce noise but are better for medium-duty applications.

7. Ergonomics and Noise Reduction

For workplaces where operator comfort and noise reduction are important, softer polyurethane wheels or wheels with special damping features should be considered.

8. Maintenance and Lifespan

Regular inspection is important. Choosing wheels with high-quality bonding between polyurethane and the core will minimize risks of delamination and extend service life.

When selecting polyurethane wheels for electrical forklifts, it is essential to balance load capacity, hardness, floor conditions, operating speed, and resistance to environmental factors. The right choice improves forklift efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures safety in daily operations.